In the period following the First World War a new way of thinking became prominent. This new idea is what we call Modernism. After the war it was realized that many people had suffered absolute horrors, which they could never imagine or forget. The violence and pain witnessed by so many people has left them psychologically shocked and full of disillusionment. These psychological effects would soon alter the world for years to come and lead many to lose faith and question everything they once believed to be true. Many of the social normalities that these people had before going to war were abandoned. People have exchanged their proper ways for more relaxed ideals. In this new society people were more able to express themselves, as they wanted. One of the best changes that have happened in this new era has happened with women. Before the First World War, women were considered subservient to men. They had no duties outside of daily housework and childcare. However, after the First World War there was a return to women taking on more virile roles. In The Sun Also Rises, Hemingway uses women to show these societal challenges. Take Brett Ashley: before the war she would have been considered rebellious and unattractive to most men, but after the war her attributes take on a whole new light. Brett is in control of her surroundings, and this control gives her options that many women hadn't previously experienced. This independence can be seen in his promiscuity. When Jake confronts her about this behavior, she doesn't make excuses but rather says, “Oh good. What if I did” (Hemingway 27). This reaction is something new. After the World War, many women began to reject the social norms that had been established for them. Unlike the women in Cummings' poem, The Cambridge l...... middle of paper ......ion and fill their time with meaningless activities and then give light to their dreams. It is not difficult to understand how such horrific acts of violence can make one question everything, and perhaps that is why so many people have turned to the idea of ​​Modernism. The war had led to a total lack of faith and a total challenge to social ideals. People probably felt that there was nothing left in the past and it was time for a new way of life. Works quoted Cummings, and "anyone lived in a nice city." Complete works. Ed. New York: Harcourt, 1972. 515. Web.Cummings, ee “next to obviously American god i”. Complete works. Ed. New York: Harcourt, 1972. 268. Web.Cummings, ee “(meditate darling, these broken statues”. Complete works. Ed. New York: Harcourt, 1972. 260. Web.Hemingway, Ernet. The Sun Also Rises New York: Scribner, 2006. Print.