While Darwin left for granted the qualities associated with motherhood, Gamble details the results of natural selection. By juxtaposing the “extreme selfishness” (86) of males and the “altruism” (86) of females with “the unequal struggle for freedom and justice” (87), Gamble alters the connotations of the qualities of each sex. Men are no longer seen as physically and mentally superior hunters who provided for families, but rather as tyrannical oppressors in the classic struggle for freedom. Gamble supports his explanation of male oppression through sexual selection. With this, Gamble turns the connotation of male superiority on its head, suggesting that this supremacy is actually a social artifact, not a biological.