In this article I will compare and contrast psychoanalytic formulations of addiction and cognitive models of addiction. According to Dennis L. Thombs, “people tend to confuse psychoanalysis and psychotherapy. Psychotherapy is a more general term that describes professional services aimed at helping individuals or groups overcome emotional, behavioral, or relationship problems” (119). According to Thombs and Osborn, “Cognitive refers to the hidden mental process described by a number of different terms, including thinking, self-talk, self-talk, expectations, beliefs, schemas, and much more” (160). I believe these two factors play an important role in the life of an individual who has an addiction. From a psychoanalytic point of view, human behavior is believed to arise from the interaction of three major subsystems within the personality: the id, the ego, and the superego. (Thombs and Osborn, 122). Each of these plays a different role, but they interact with each other. The id is the original foundation of the personality and has to do with the instinctive drive. The instinctive drive is the internal source. The id is created at birth and is also the fundamental life form from which the ego and superego then begin to differentiate from each other. Since the id has instinctive drives, the individual's body begins to desire things. This is where addiction comes in. The Ego derives from the Id to satisfy the needs of the individual and the Superego is like the conscience. Separate the wrong from the right. Patients tend to think that these addictions help them deal with their problems. According to the table on page 131, there are three stages of treatment. The first stage is when the person assumes that they cannot do something with their calling… middle of paper… this represents a malfunction of human neurobehavioral adaptation. The product used is the negative influence of the results and behavior of the model. This is when he is observed by others. According to Thombs and Osborn, “Self-efficacy is extremely important in assisting individuals with substance-related disorders (183). Psychoanalytic formulations of addiction and cognitive models of addiction are both tied together because when an addiction forms the psychotherapist can use the three phases of treatment to see how aware the patient is of their addiction and since cognitive is defined as a mental process, clinical practice can now perform the therapeutic disorder test. Helps addiction. Having prepared this article, you should now understand the difference and similarity between psychoanalytic formulations of addiction and cognitive models of addiction..