Building a castle was a monumental task; it required many workers and took many years to complete. When a lord decided to build a castle, he hired a master builder to design and build the castle. He would choose a design for the castle. The castle was supposed to be the lord's fortress, so it had to be strong. Castles had many different types of defense to protect the Lord and his family. The many types of castle defense had meant that attackers had to develop increasingly strategic and powerful ways to attack the castle. When the king or lord had decided to build his castle, he would hire a master builder to design the castle and to hire workers to build the castle. The construction of the new stone castles took more than five years and more than a thousand workers (Jarrow 19). The first castle builders choose a location with a military advantage (Jarrow 11). They used many different natural land formations to their advantage. Many of the castles in Spain, Italy, Germany, France, and Wales were built on steep hills and rocky outcrops that were almost impossible to climb (Jarrow 19). Building castles on large hills gave defenders a clear view of the advancing attackers, as Jarrow describes in his book: Some castles were built in swamps or marshes or surrounded by water. The damp and soft ground meant that the attackers could not use heavy artillery pieces to attack the castle. Castles built on islands could only be attacked if the attackers had boats to take them to the islands (12). This means that castles built in wetlands were often very well protected even if they could not see attackers advancing at long distances. .Second, the Master Builder and Lord had to choose... halfway through the card... the castle that would give them a military advantage or they would build a mound to give them one. Many improvements were made within the keep so that the king and his family had a more comfortable area in which to live. They added more fireplaces to the rooms for warmth and began hanging large tapestries on the walls to help with drafts. They have come up with many new ways to defend the castle. They built large ditches around the outer wall that could be more than thirty feet deep. There were special holes for archers to shoot and for safe viewing of the battlefield. They even built the stairs clockwise to give the defenders an advantage. With improvements in castle design and defense, attackers developed many attack machines. They built large battering rams to pound the walls and strong trebuchets to hurl large boulders from a long distance.