From being forced into prostitution to having to endure long, rigorous hours of work, women and children suffer. Although the majority of people trafficked are women and children, men are becoming a popular trend in recent years. They are used for forced labor in fields such as construction, field work and fishing. These slaves are useful to the economy because they work practically for free. Since the disintegration of Russia from the USSR in 1991, the economy has suffered greatly (Buckley). There has been a major disruption to supply lines and business models, which has had a significant impact on employment levels, a phenomenon termed “wild capitalism” (Buckley). With the Russian economy in a downward spiral, it has become impossible for citizens to find work and for those lucky enough to have jobs to keep them. This caused an increase in poverty, which put parents in the difficult position of caring for their children, increasing the risk that they would sell their children, in particular. However, human trafficking has a negative connotation; yet in Russia it is what fuels their economy. Caused by poverty, economic instability, and government corruption, sex trafficking becomes more difficult to control due to its monetary benefits. Thanks to the substantial financial gain from human exploitation, the Russian economy has improved. As the government profited greatly from human trafficking, a second economy, or shadow economy, emerged to take some of the profits. This other economy was mainly made up of clandestine networks created by crime, especially the mafia. The mafia has made human trafficking mobile. With mobility now widely available, the international political economy of sex and male demand for prostitutes have increased. This increase has made these criminal gangs very rich, causing corruption among border guards, police and state officials