IndexMethodsResultsDiscussionThe article "Sports participation, time spent in front of the screen and development of personality traits during childhood" investigates the correlation between the following variables: involvement in sport; age; sex ; screen time; environmental variables such as socioeconomic status (SES) and family income; and personality traits such as introversion, persistence and responsiveness test subjects were asked about their children's participation in physical activities (e.g., sports) and sedentary activities (e.g., watching television). should be banned"? Get an original essay Parents were also asked about the topics." Personality traits. All parents of subjects who were able to repeat the study were asked the same questions every two years. The researchers then analyzed the relationship between the types of activities the children participated in and the personality traits these children possessed. Introduction The purpose of this study was to determine “whether people with particular personality traits gravitate toward a more active lifestyle or whether an active lifestyle contributes to the development of personality traits” (Allen, Laborde, & Vella, 2015, p . 376). According to this study, the relationship between the two has been rather uncertain through previous research, despite the numerous benefits of physical activity such as increased metabolic rate and increased mental cognition (Allen et al., 2015, p. 376 ). learning time about themselves and others, and the experiences children go through are vital to the personality traits they will develop. These youth sports offer kids the opportunity to learn “new concepts such as discipline, cooperation, fair play and sportsmanship. Through youth sports, children also learn new skills, gain confidence, and form lasting social relationships” (Allen et al., 2015, p. 377). These valuable lessons learned from sports can develop children into more socially competent, well-behaved and outgoing children, capable of building intimate relationships in their future. On the other hand, there is growing concern about the increase in screen time and other sedentary activities in which our youth participate. The growth of technology and the impact of social media have had a direct impact on this increase. This increase in screen time has been shown to have a negative effect on cognitive abilities, and the more time children spend doing sedentary activities, the less time they spend participating in physical activity, thus depriving themselves of the lessons learned from youth sports. Additionally, more sedentary children are more likely to be overweight or obese, which can cause lower self-esteem and increased introversion. Unfortunately, participation in youth sports may not be completely beneficial for all children. As a result, some children's self-esteem may be undeservedly increased, or unjustified pressure on their performance from parents and coaches may lead to stress. This longitudinal study highlights the importance of “identifying factors that might accelerate desirable changes and limit undesirable ones” and hypothesizes that “high levels of extracurricular sports and low levels of screen time would be related to greater intra-individual stability for all traits” (Allen et al., 2015, p. 377). Methods In 2004, this Australian longitudinal study began with two cohorts:“families with children aged 4 to 5 years (the K cohort) and families with children aged 0 to 1 year old infants (the B cohort)” (Allen et al., 2015, p. 378) . The primary parent of these children was asked the same 12 questions about the children's environments and personalities (Allen et al., 2015, p. 378). The data used for this study were taken when the children in Cohort K were ten years old and the children in Cohort B were six years old, and again when the children in Cohort K were twelve years old and the children in Cohort B were eight years old (Allen et al. , 2015, page 378). To avoid bias or statistical errors, only data from participants who returned for Time 2 were used in the results (Allen et al., 2015, p. 378). It is significant that the data used are from children from middle to late childhood, as this is a period of increased motor development and involvement in play with peers. Additionally, because the same questions were asked of children at a younger age, the data can be used to observe changes in personality development, and the results may be able to truly discern whether certain personality traits lead to activity engagement. physical or in vice. versa.ResultsAllen et al. (2015) were very thorough in their statistical analysis of the results. Over three thousand test subjects were used in each cohort, all randomly selected and from different backgrounds. This allows the results to be unbiased and indicative of the entire youth population. Each data point that calculated personality change contained a t-value, a p-value, and a d-value. The t-value is the relationship between multiple means. The p-value measures the statistical significance of the data, and a p-value less than 0.05 means there is a 5% chance that a data point is not significant. All data values ​​collected in this study are statistically significant. The d value, also known as Cohen's d, measures the size of the effect one variable has on another, and a d value of one means that the variables differ by one standard deviation. In the K cohort, there were increases in introversion, persistence, responsiveness, household income, sedentary activities, and total screen time (Allen et al., 2015, p. 381). In Cohort B, there were increases in household income, sedentary activities, total screen time, and responsiveness, while there were decreases in introversion and persistence (Allen et al., 2015, p. 381 ). Chart data also suggests that for both cohorts, children who participated in sports had “lower levels of introversion than those who did not participate” along with higher levels of persistence and reactivity (Allen et al., 2015, p. 382-383). Interestingly, increasing screen time did not affect introversion; however, an increase in screen time was related to a decrease in persistence (Allen et al., 2015, p. 384). One possible explanation for this phenomenon is that if a child participates in more sedentary activities, he or she will spend less time participating in physical activity and will be more likely to drop out of sport after starting it. Discussion Unlike previous studies, the results of this study indicate that involvement in sports and screen time were responsible for the development of some personality traits (Allen et al., 2015, p. 386). The general trend over the two years was decreasing introversion and persistence in cohort B and increasing introversion and persistence in cohort K, and this may be. 386)..