The principle of falsifiability with the term "falsification" is introduced by Popper and is a theory disproven by empirical observations that contradict the implications of this theory. This theory was born to refute the induction method of logical positivism. For example, a certain statement "All sapphire is blue" is considered true in general, however Popper argued that even if 99 sapphires were observed and they were all blue, the statement still should not be considered true. Therefore, it will be found to be false if the newly found 100th sapphire is pink in color even if the color of the first 99 sapphires is blue, so by using forgery, you can determine whether the theory or claim is verified by deducing the false claim. We say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay Popper stated that scientific theory should contain the principle of falsifiability, and its falsifiability increases when the empirical content; the potential forgers are higher, and from what was stated above, the potential forgers are the "possibility that the color of the sapphire is not blue". Popper criticized logical positivism, especially the principle of verifiability in scientific methodology, according to which science can be distinguished from pseudoscience on the basis of its inductive methodology. Scientific theory begins by proposing problems (theory) and the theory that turns out to be wrong is deduced through falsification, finally the remaining theories will be kept true by repeating conjectures and refutations. Therefore it can increase the probability that the theory turns out to be true. However, a statement or theory can be kept true by using three immunizing tricks. First, when pink sapphire is found, it is possible to "reclassify" that pink sapphire is not sapphire because, as stated by us, sapphire should be blue. Second, we can “adjust the underlying theories” by insisting that pink can be considered blue. The last way is to change domain, if pink sapphire is found in US, we can change all sapphire in South America to blue. By using these 3 immunizing tricks, the statement 'All sapphire is blue' can remain verified. The theory introduced by Kuhn explains that a paradigm can provide puzzles to scientists and this is called normal science. New scientific theory can be developed by recognizing an anomaly. However, there is a probability that the theory degenerates and this is due to incommensurability. Please note: this is just an example. Get a custom article from our expert writers now. Get a Custom Essay According to Kuhn, incommensurability shows that two competing paradigms cannot be compared because either there are no independent evaluation standards or there is a misunderstanding between the new paradigm and the old paradigm. Therefore, adjusting underlying theories can improve theory development by providing a new paradigm. Also from the Lakota perspective a theory will be developed when it is theoretically progressive or empirically progressive and this progress is measured by the degree to which a series of theories leads to the discovery of new facts. But the theory degenerates if there is no progress.