Topic > Essay on Operant Conditioning - 642

Operant conditioning is a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. In other words, a response followed by a reinforcing stimulus is more likely to be repeated. Operant conditioning has been studied by many behaviorists. BF Skinner is a well-known behaviorist who demonstrated through experiments on animals that consequences played an important role in their response behavior. A famous example from his experiment is where a mouse pulls a lever to receive food. As a result, the rate will pull the lever more frequently. Before proceeding to describe operant conditioning, it is important to become familiar with the terms reinforcement and reinforcement. Reinforcers are stimuli that increase the likelihood that the response behavior will be repeated. Different stimuli have effects on different individuals. Reinforcement is the act followed by a response with reinforcement. There are various categories of reinforcement, which will be described after differentiating operant conditioning and classical conditioning. Classical conditioning involves pairing a natural stimulus with a neutral stimulus. A famous example is Ivan Pavlov's dog experiment. Pavlov observed that whenever the dog sees food, it begins to salivate. Pavlov tried to match food with a bell. Before Pavlov shows the food, the doorbell rings. Dogs begin to relate these two elements, namely the bell and food. After a while the dog begins to salivate just by hearing the bell. Therefore, classical conditioning is not the same as operant conditioning. Therefore, classical conditioning occurs when the individual's act is passive while the response is involuntary. For operant conditioning, the individual's act is active and the response... in the middle of the paper... will not get in trouble with the teacher the next day. By eliminating unwanted outcomes, this preventative behavior is more likely to happen again. Therefore both positive and negative reinforcement strengthen behavior, so in positive reinforcement a stimulus is present and in negative reinforcement a stimulus is removed. The final type of reinforcement is punishment. Punishment decreases responding. For example, a teacher gives a student homework for bad behavior, or an unpleasant stimulus, or, when the pleasant stimulus is removed, a student loses privileges for certain days because he or she has not finished homework. Among all these types, punishment is less effective than positive and negative reinforcements. Therefore, positive and negative reinforcements should be used in the security scanning process. Now let's move on to the last theory, which is role modeling.