Topic > The Meaning of Ulysses - 1388

Describing to the Phaeci the ritual he conducts to summon the shadows, Ulysses juxtaposes his own spiritual experience with the purely corporeal experience of his men. He says to them: “Now they have come en masse towards me, the ghosts of the dead and have gone away. . .” (Homer 11,42) and that upon seeing them, “a pale terror seized me! / I immediately ordered the men to skin the sheep" (Homer 11,48-9). In line 42, even though Odysseus is surrounded by his men, he qualifies the movement of the shadows as directed only at him, and in line 48 he tells of his fear of ghosts but does not mention the fear of his men. It is not due to the ignorance of his men that Odysseus does not mention them, because in verse 49 he orders them to skin the sacrificial sheep. Rather, Odysseus emphasizes his interaction with the nonphysical bodies of the shadows in the first line, and juxtaposes it with his crew's interaction with the physical bodies of the sheep in the next line. This contrast suggests that Odysseus' men are removed from his experience of the shadows, indicating that Odysseus is the only one of his crew to hear what the shadows have to say, including Tiresias' prophecy not to harm the cattle or sheep of Helios. Since Odysseus is the only one to hear Tiresias' prophecy, only he is