Introduction: In recent decades, kidney transplants have spread to many countries and eventually around the world. This is mainly due to the opinion of doctors regarding this type of effective intervention. At first, doctors thought there were no other solutions to treat end-stage renal disease (ESRD) 1, kidney failure, and many other abnormalities related to this important organ other than dialysis. Furthermore, professors and doctors were not convinced of the results of kidney transplants, so they applied this procedure as the last alternative modality of treatment. In short, the kidney is the organ that functions as a filter in the body, which has multiple vital functions including the process of utilizing waste products and poisonous materials that result from our daily digestion of various types of food that accumulate in the blood and that the body cannot function normally when such substances are in the body. Therefore, the kidney filters the blood, collects unwanted products and excretes them in the form of urine. Additionally, the kidneys regulate the amount of salt and electrolytes within the body so as to accurately maintain the circulating level of blood pressure. Furthermore, the kidney contributes to the synthesis of blood cells by secreting certain types of hormones destined for the bone marrow. In other words, the kidney is the organ responsible for several vital functions which in turn maintains homeostasis at normal levels so that the body can function efficiently. The continuous dialysis process has only treated several kidney diseases such as end-stage renal disease and end-stage renal disease. failure, which is inconvenient for the patient's lifestyle. Recently, most patients...... middle of paper......, 39(1), 16-21. doi:10.5152/tud.2013.0045. Shahin, Al-Sa'ran. (2008). Kidney transplant in Saudi Arabia: 3 thousand waiting to undergo a kidney transplant. Saudi Gazette Report.6. Garwood, (2007). Previous issues, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, volume 85:2007.7. Kasyanov, VV, Brakke, KK, Vilbrandt, TT, Moreno-Rodriguez, RR, Nagy-Mehesz, AA, Visconti, RR, & ... Mironov, VV (2011). Towards organ printing: design features, virtual modeling and physical prototyping of vascular segments of the renal arterial tree. Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 6(4), 197-213. doi:10.1080/17452759.2011.631738.8.HOTZ, R. (2012, September 18). Printing evolves: an inkjet for living tissue. WallStreet Journal - Eastern Edition. pp. D1-D3.9. Gebhardt A, Fateri M (2013). 3D printing and its applications. RTejournal - Rapid Technology Forum, Vol. 2013.