These researchers approached turnover as related to behaviors rather than a separate phenomenon, which failed to adequately explain turnover. Some described the turnover process while others showed the relationship of turnover with other variables. These new models include factors other than work attitude as causes of employee turnover. The causes of the nursing shortage and high turnover rate are divided into three categories. The first is work status and work environment, including unit safety and size, workplace stress, workplace location, leadership style, and other organizational factors (Currie & Carr Hill, 2012). The second factor is associated with personal reasons including home and family, age and generation, value and morals, career opportunities and professional development. Final factors related to the economy