A religious revolution called the Reformation occurred in the Western church in the 16th century. Martin Luther and John Calvin were its leaders. The Reformation was the source for establishing Protestantism, which is one of the three main branches of Christianity. The Reformation began to become more political than religious. Martin Luther, Henry VII and John Calvin were some of the reformers. These people decided to challenge the Catholic Church and how it could explain the Christian religion. Arguments about the power distributed to the Bible and its readings led to wars and, later, the Counter-Reformation. The Counter-Reformation was created when the Church was a little slow to respond to reformers like Luther. The Council of Trent then met to discuss some of the problems caused by the Reformation and Luther's ideas with the other reformers. The era of the Catholic Church that was the Counter-Reformation became more cultured and spiritual. The effects of these two reforms brought with them lasting political changes. The freedoms granted religiously and politically led to many rebellions and persecutions