Mining is one of the most important commercial jobs. The word mining does not seem very important to ordinary people who do not know geology. After reading this book, I knew that our culture needs industrial minerals more than anything else except food, but even food could not be produced without minerals. There are only a few of the five billion people in the world who do not rely on minerals every day. Unfortunately, there are many factors that affect these industrial activities. There will be profit or it is not economically feasible. Minerals can be found in every part of the earth's crust, but with two important requirements; the concentration of the mineral and the size of the deposit. We want to make sure the ore is high quality and large enough to pay off the investment and make a profit. Of the many minerals found, only a few appear to have good potential. So it needs to be tested extensively, which costs a lot of time, and speed is one of the critical factors. If the construction is financed by loans, this leads to high interest costs. The economics of a mine depends on the ore reserves, grade, type of ore and location. In order to extract it, many months and millions of dollars must be spent on construction. There are only a few mines discovered in convenient places, this costs a lot in terms of transportation and labor in such an atmosphere. Construction includes food, healthcare, housing and recreational facilities for hundreds of workers. Water, electricity, communications, equipment, etc… So a construction site is almost like a small empire. In order to build this, the industrial company needs to make sure it is worth it. Environmental concerns are global concerns; cost benefits may increase by having greater environmental impacts from mining. This creates air pollution and global problems. On the other hand, the skill of mining provides benefits to all of the earth's population. Like medicine, communication, etc… all provide benefits to humans due to metals and minerals.